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A DAIDAITA SAHU ISSUES

BUSINESS COMMUNITY

PROBLEMS
1.     Algus
2.     Artificial upward price surge during Ramadan and down during bumper harvests (due to glut)
3.     Dwindling level of ‘amana’ among market participants
4.     Hoarding of essential commodities
5.     Inability to cope with modern technology in relation to our traditional handicrafts, examples, dyes, tanning, blacksmithing, shoemaking, etc
6.     Increasingly reduced participation in areas previously under our control:
a.     Provisions
b.     Textile
7.     Insignificant or no participation in certain market segments:
a.     Books/stationery
b.     Building materials
c.     Electrical items
d.     Electronics
e.     Pharmaceuticals
f.       Spare parts
8.     It has been observed that the business community lacks entrepreneurial skills in certain classes of business which is the reason for lack of participation as in 3(i) above
9.     Lack of mentoring/training
10. Lack of the spirit of cooperation
11. Lack of patriotism (love of state)
12. Monopolization of certain business activities by some hostile sections of the business community by which they dictate prices.
13. Most business leaders do not have a succession plan, where their children squander the wealth that is left for them after the death of their parents
14. Non-utilization of proper communication channels to inform the business community on modern business practices/opportunities.

VALUES TO BE RE-INSTILLED
·  Amana
·  Cooperative spirit
·  Environmental cleanliness
·  Fear of Allah
·  Mentoring/training
·  Patriotism
·  Respect for the role of Law.
·  Self reliance

IMPLEMENTATION STRATEGIES
·  An expansion on the use of mentoring/training is in the use of role models in the business community, who will practicalise the ideals of “Daidaita Sahu”.
·  As for the lack of succession plan, “Daidaita Sahu” working in liaison with KACCIMA should sensitize the business community through seminars and workshops also mass media (particularly T.V via documentary.
·  Credit support to organized trade associations should be through the leadership of the associations.
·  Credit support to organized trade associations.
·  Engaging the Ulama and public officials to deliver public lectures in the markets.
·  Government participation is required to smoothen price fluctuations during Ramadan and bumper harvests through the use of enhanced cooperative Federation or other relevant agency.
·  Media campaign on modern business methods and Islamic business ethics.
·  Production of publicity materials (stickers, posters, bill boards etc)
·  Public lectures in markets in Islamic business ethics.
·  Sensitization of the business community on cooperative spirit, mentoring/training.
·  Sensitization of the leaders of trade Associations to make them champions on societal re-orientation.
·  Support for trade associations to organize societal re-orientation program.
·  Support the State government’s initiative in promoting new small and medium scale enterprises.
·  The directorate (Daidaita Sahu) to conduct seminar and workshops for the leadership of trade associations in order to sensitize to desirable ends in business and ethics.
·  The Directorate should see to the establishment of market management committees for each of our major markets. This will help in the intervention strategies in the market system.
·  The promotion of entrepreneurial skill is best carried out by business organization like KACCIMA in conjunction with “Daidaita Sahu”.
·  The State government should urge the State House of Assembly to pass a law directing all trade associations to prepare code of ethics for their members enforceable by Hisbah and Zauren shawara.
·  The use of Hisbah and zauren shawara to enforce fair dealings in the market place.
·  To actualize this plan, we recommend that it be anchored first and foremost on strong associations for the business community ranging from state chamber of commerce, traders and crafts association. These associations should be encouraged to pass code of ethics binding members to observe ethical behavior.
·  With regards to mentoring/training, we propose the use of practical models in addition to the strategies enumerated above.
·  Work with consultants and Kano Chamber of Commerce for the promotion of modern business methods and Islamic business ethics.
·  Zauren shawara will be an effective medium where elders of the business community will impart the benefits of their experience to the youth.

CIVIL SERVICE

PROBLEMS
1.    Absence of credible leadership.
2.    Absence/ignorance of service instruments such as civil service rules, financial regulations, circulars, etc
3.    Bribery and corruption.
4.    Crippling poverty among civil servants.
5.    Disregard/disrespect for existing procedures.
6.    Disrespect in service delivery (such as by nurses)
7.    Factionalisation among various categories of civil servants.
8.    General apathy occasioned by suspicion and multiple loyalty
9.    Mediocrity within the service.
10. Improper posting of staff.
11.  Inadequate funding for training and related matters
12.  Insecurity of government documents
13.  Insufficiency of working tools.
14.  Lack of awareness of schedules.
15.  Lack of confidence in taking decisions
16.  Lack of confidentiality
17.  Lack of proper horizontal and vertical communications.
18.  Lack of self-confidence (indolence) among civil servants.
19.  Nepotism.
20.  Politicization of positions in the Civil Service.
21.  Poor delegation of responsibilities.
22.  Red Tapism
23.  Resentment of rural postings by some civil servants.
24.  All the above also exist in the LG service, and are believed to be much more endemic.

VALUES TO BE RE-INSTILLED
·  Accountability
·  Dedication
·  Diligence
·  Honesty
·  Initiative
·  Punctuality
·  Resourcefulness
·  Respect of due process
·  Transparency

IMPLEMENTATION STRATEGIES
·  Encourage proper vertical and horizontal communication betweens units in an organization and with others, through the promotion of openness and closer interactions.
·  Encourage the application of normal procedures governing employments, progression in the service and discipline.
·  Encourage training and retraining, particularly on the job training, through seminars and workshops and ensuring the correct allocation and delegation of responsibilities.
·  Encourage transparent and accountable leadership and promote staff empowerment through the establishment of cooperative societies, provide Tax relief and similar measures.
·  Enhance security measures to protect sensitive government documents and files and punish breaches appropriately.
·  General Meetings.
·  Government needs to make a substantial annual allocation to training and align it with the values of the reorientation programme.
·  Government should insulate the service from undue political influences.
·  Government to properly equip the service for efficient performance through the provision of adequate office equipment, service rules and regulation manuals.
·  Instilling the cherished societal values of honesty, transparency, accountability and team spirit among others.
·  Introduce rural posting allowances to serve as incentives to rural based workers.
·  Proper involvement of staff in decision making especially in matters relevant to his schedule.
·  Rebuilding the honour and integrity of the civil servant to assume his roles as the conscience of the people.
·  Re-education of civil servants about existing rules and procedures.
·  Restoration of civil service ethics, particularly the application of rules, regulations and procedures.
·  Seminars
·  To develop a visionary civil service which operates towards pre-determined targets.
·  To inculcate high moral values, and competence among civil servants through encouraging leadership by example compliance to will existing rules, regulations and procedures.
·  To properly equip the service with the appropriate men and materials.
·  Use of Albishir, Alfijir, Triumph papers to sensitize junior staff.
·  Use of Audio visual materials, billboards, handbills, posters.
·  Use of media broadcast such as radio jingles

EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS

PROBLEMS
1.   Absence of monitoring.
2.   Appointment of incompetent heads because of favouritism.
3.   Corruption
4.   Curriculum
5.   Decaying/inadequate infrastructure.
6.   Examination malpractices
7.   Inadequate funding or government neglect
8.   Indiscipline: sanitation.
9.   Management and union squabbles.
10. Poor quality personnel
11.  Population explosion.
12.  School – community relations.

VALUES TO BE RE-INSTILLED
·       Cleanliness
·       Fear of Allah
·       Hard work
·       Honesty and truthfulness
·       Humility
·       Love for the State
·       Maintenance and proper upkeep of premises.
·       Orderliness
·       Respect for parents, elders, and authority
·       Selflessness

IMPLEMENTATION STRATEGIES:
·       Award scheme for best schools, teachers and students in terms of implementation of societal re-orientation programme.
·       Curriculum should emphasize skills acquisition
·       Decentralization of curriculum to suit local needs.
·       Directorate should grade schools in various aspects of societal orientation but it should be done discretely based on objectively measurable criteria.
·       Disciplinary committees or Hisbah committee in schools with the involvement of PTAs
·       Drama, quizzes, debate, essays and other competitions on issues of relevance to societal orientation.
·       Encouraging of Hausa and Arabic languages
·       Government should endeavour to build capacity of PTAs.
·       Guidance counseling departments should be revived with professional touch
·       Identification and assigning of schedule to staff such as class master, housemaster, matrons with proper reward and punishment for actions.
·       Identification of successful role models to visit schools to encourage students with effective diversification.
·       Juma’at prayer in congregation.
·       Lectures should be conducted in secondary schools with the attendance of an important dignitary at least twice a term.
·       Maintenance culture should be imbibed through Sensitizing students, staff and society.
·       Open day should be revived in schools in which parents are compelled to attend.
·       Parents should be made to make an undertaking to participate in PTA
·       PTAs should be encouraged to be involved in the affairs of schools.
·       Revival of routine inspection of students.
·       Specific time should be allocated for societal re-orientation programmed during school assemblies and other periods.
·       Surprise visits to schools and reward hardwork instantly.
·       Teaching profession should be enhanced through public recognition of virtues of good teachers.

RURAL COMMUNITIES

PROBLEMS
1.       Absence of capital (Rashin jari)
2.       Apathy (Mutuwar-zuci)
3.       Begging (Almajiranci)
4.       Brigandage (‘Yan tasha)
5.       Deliberate lawlessness (Shege na kauye…)
6.       Disregard for traditional occupations (Jefar da sana’ar gado)
7.       Disrespect to elders (Kin bin iyaye)
8.       Drug abuse (Shaye-shaye)
9.       Early marriage (Auren wuri)
10.     Extravagance (Rashin tattali)
11.     Family abandonment (Gudun Iyali)
12.     Farm Boundary Encroachment (Cin Iyakar Gona)
13.     Farmers vs. Herders Clashes (Rigimar Manoma da Makiyaya)
14.     Forced marriage (Auren dole)
15.     Gambling (Caca)
16.     Idleness (Zaman Banza)
17.     Ignorance (Jahilci)
18.     Indifference (Lalaci)
19.     Poor health care (Rashin tsabta/kiwon lafiya)
20.     Poverty (Talauci)
21.     Provinciality (Kauyanci)
22.     Seasonal migration (Ci-rani)
23.     Self-deceipt (Kin bin gaskiya)
24.     Thuggery (Daba da farauta)
25.     Unjustified dependence (Gwamma -saye)
26.     Women abuse (Wulakanta mata)

VALUES TO BE RE-INSTILLED
·               Cooperative business (Kafa jam’iyyun gama kai)
·               Family values (Zumunci)
·               Justice (Adalci)
·               Mass literacy (Yaki-da-Jahilci)
·               Self-help (Taimakon kai-da-kai)

IMPLEMENTATION STRATEGIES
·          All government agencies connected with rural development such as RUWASA, SERERA, and the Agency for Mass Education, Ministries of Information, Women and Social Development should reactivate their services in the local government areas with a view to cushion the effect of poverty and ignorance which are major factors militating against societal reorientation.
·            Directorate to feedback to the Local Government and issue letters of appointment.
·            Directorate to screen the nominees through an effective official process.
·            Economic empowerment of the most vulnerable groups e.g. Youth, Women, Destitute and Disabled.
·            Establishment/Empowerment of CBOs, NGOs and Cooperatives.
·       Local Governments should give priority and emphasis on the following areas in their development plans and budget.
·             Rehabilitation of mental patients.
·             Resuscitation and maintenance of rural infrastructure and primary health care.
·             Resuscitation and revitalisation of women centres and workshops for disabled persons.
·        Rural water supply
·      Selection of the best and most respected nominees amongst them to be leaders of the Local Government Committee
·        The Directorate to engage the following leaders in each local government i.e. Chairman of the LGC, District Head, and Chief Imam in the process of nominating the Chairman of the Committee and representatives of CBOs and NGOs.
·        Training.

URBAN COMMUNITIES

PROBLEMS
1.    Child begging (Ko-dan-kanzo)
2.    Communal violence (Rigingimu)                     
3.    Criminals and criminalities at Bus Parks (Tashoshin Mota)                                   
4.    Drug addiction (Shaye-shaye, Sholisho)                      
5.    Encroaching on recreational centre (Cin filin wasanni)
6.    Family break-down and divorces (Sake-saken aure)                            
7.    Fuel Hawking (‘Yan Bumburutu, Cuwa-cuwa)              
8.    Gambling Sports (Snooker)                                           
9.    General Indiscipline (Rashin Da’a)
10.   Girl child hawking (Talla na kananan ‘yammata)  
11.   Idleness (Zaman Kashe Wando)                            
12.   Indiscriminate display/hawking of goods on road (Kasuwa da tasha a kan titi)
13.   Indiscriminate posting of bills (Lika fasta)                                         
14.   Indiscriminate refuse disposal (Bola da Leda)                                
15.   Individualism, elitist tendencies (Rayuwar daga-ni-sai-‘ya’yana) 
16.   Indolence (Maula)                                                  
17.   Kano-Jiddah
18.   Leaking taps and pipes (Famfo na zuba, barnar ruwa)
19.   Licentious books (Litattafan Soyayya)                               
20.   Local Films with anti-cultural undertones (Fina-finan Hausa)                                           
21.   Neighbourhood hide-outs, abandoned and uncompleted buildings (Kangwaye)
22.   Night life (Marhaba)
23.   Obscene language by mobile herbalists (Tallan Magungunan Gargajiya)
24.   Reckless Driving (Tukin Ganganci na Hiace da Taxi)
25.   Reckless Motor-cycle taxi service (Acaba)
26.   Recklessness of water vendors (Kurar ruwa)                                      
27.   Satellite television (Satalait)
28.   Sexual abuse of minors (Masu lalata yara  - maza da mata )         
29.   Street begging (Barace–baracen musakai)                  
30.   The Mentally Challenged (Mahaukata)
31.   Thuggery (Daba) 
32.   Unattended animals on streets  (Dabbobin dake yawo a kan titi)            
33.   Under-age drivers (Tukin yara ‘yangata)                                   
34.   Unhygienic behaviours (Kazanta, Kashin Kududdufi)                 
35.   Unregulated film/video houses (Gidan Kallo )                                          
36.   Weird dressing and hair-cuts (Sutura da Aski na matasa )                      
VALUES TO BE RE-INSTILLED
·        Better road practices
·        Civility and Orderliness
·        Good Neighbourliness (Enhancing Security Consciousness)
·        Good Social Values (Curbing Societal Vices)
·        Promoting environmental cleanliness
·        Self-reliance (developing youth)

IMPLEMENTATION STRATEGIES

·        Announcement in mosques, at Walima and ceremonies.
·        Capacity building
·        Da’awah programmes/public lectures
·        Encourage buy-back among companies producing nylon products
·        Encourage establishment of re-cycle plants. Leadership Training
·        Encouraging social values advocacy.
·        Establishing new workshop where needed.
·        Hudubar Jumu’a
·        Jingles, posters in Hausa, discussion programme in radio;
·        Leadership Training, Capacity building , Encouraging social values advocacy
·        Mallam Mamman-Mai-Mari
·        Massive media campaign
·        Mobile workshop e.g. school – on- wheels
·        Permanent Site Workshop: Directorate should draw-up schedule for utilization of all existing workshops in the state.
·        Poster posting law
·        Scheduled Da’awah programmes mosques, schools, vocational camps, markets, radio, T.V, Recreational Centres.
·        Schools debates, quizzes, essay writing etc, including Islamiyya.
·        Sensitisation of Zauren Shawara
·        Support for the activities of CBO’s Hisba and Vigilante Groups
·        Training of the leaders of CBO’s Through consultants, Ulama, Civil Servants
·        Vocational Training (both Male and Female)

WOMEN

PROBLEMS
1.     Illiteracy and limited educational opportunities
2.     Improper upbringing of children (Tarbiyyah)
3.     Inadequate knowledge of rights and their violation at various levels
4.     Lack of skills and investment resources
5.     Marital instability
6.     Moral degeneration
7.     Poverty

VALUES TO BE RE-INSTILLED
·        Fear of Allah
·        Good motherhood
·        Humility and truthfulness
·        Primacy of family life
·        Respect for elders and authority

IMPLEMENTATION STRATEGIES
·        Women to be mobilized to form cooperatives and thrift societies for handcrafts, cooked food, snacks and other small businesses by relevant ministries
·        Promote these shops, cooperatives or thrifts within and between wards.
·        Help pool resources through saving scheme (adashi) and other related ways.
·        Benefits will be realized through modern business franchise e.g. well known snack providers ‘Gidan Ladanai’ and traditional herbalist ‘Mai Sikeli’
·        Marketing strategy should be used so that snack foods etc can be marketed in other towns.
·        Women food cooperatives should sell their product either by sending elderly women to construction sites or by advertising the cooked food in homes, so that buyers will come and buy there. An alternative is to organize food centres (maciya) in each ward.
·        Hisbah (women) and relevant Islamic da’awah and other organizations to instill Islamic orientation in all women programmes.
·        Women NGOs and CBOs that offer assistance to women should be encouraged and assisted by the State and Local Governments in the execution of their programs.
·        Islamic Education Department to coordinate and harmonize the curricula of all existing women Islamiyya schools.
·        All Local Governments should establish model primary schools for girls.
·        Directorate should liaise with the Shariah Commission, Hisba Board, etc on the enlightenment programs and training of women on marital and spousal responsibilities.
·        State Government, Local Government and the Zakkah Commission should devise means of rendering assistance to the youth intending to get married.
·        Hisbah Committees, Imams and Elders at ward level should be involved in marriage counseling, which should include registration of marriages, divorces and widowhoods.
·        Directorate should see to the formation of ‘dakin shawara’ for women at ward level. Liaison between ‘dakin shawara’ and ‘zauren shawara’ should be regular.
·        Shari’ah Commission should frequently issue “fatwa” (ruling) on relevant issues affecting women.
·        Government can contribute by using women development facilitators in Ministry for Women Affairs.
·        Islamic reorientation ethical values should be incorporated in each component of the program.
·        For the continuation of the program bottom up and the participatory approach should be used.
·        Women groups that offer assistance to women or the community should be strengthened and assisted by government. Where there is dearth of such groups, government should assist in setting them up by providing the organizational structures.
·        Existing schools of women in the wards that are Islamic oriented and are directed at adult women groups should have a curriculum that is uniform and geared towards instilling good motherhood, and the primacy of family life based on the fear of Allah.
·        Women CBOs and NGOs should make an input in training members of their community e.g. in literacy skills (reading and writing). Women who are taught should be able to replicate the program by teaching others.
·        Series of enlightenment programs through the media should be made on marriages and the spousal responsibility.
·        Problems of marriages and the instability affecting it, which brings about rampant divorces, should be addressed.
·        Financial cost of marriage on the two spouses has escalated; leaders should be an example in minimizing the cost of marriage. Marriages between the youth should be highly encouraged by using funds (e.g. Zakkat) to minimize the economic hardship encountered by sponsors. Ceremonies should be held annually or bi annually to make the marriages a big festive celebration in order to encourage marriage between and among the youth.
·        Leaders should also led by example in having stable marriages.
·        Zauren shawara should have an elders’ sub-committee which will serve as an arbitration committee in marriages that have problems.
·        Marriages should be registered likewise divorces should also be registered in each ward. This is important for record purposes and also for keeping track of relationships.
·        Counselling services for women in each ward should be available to all women. This can be done through women ‘hisba’ committee, ‘zauren shawara’ and elders groups. 
·        Each ward should have an orientation programs on marital stability for both the two spouses. This should provide a ground for women and men to learn skills of providing a lasting attractiveness for both the two spouses.
·        Politics: the Shari’ah implementation community should address the role of women in politics.

YOUTH

PROBLEMS
1.      Drug abuse and all its associated problems
2.      Economic factors such poverty among some parents
3.      Educational neglect
4.      Hostility of some parents towards their children
5.      Keeping bad company
6.      Misplacement of economic priorities by some parents such as luxury items over school fees
7.      Neglect of the society in upbringing of youth.
8.      Non-participatory approach in youth policy formulation and implementation.
9.      Over indulgence (spoiling) of children
10.  Parental neglect: inability of parents to check the activities of their children
11.  Politics: supplying drugs to youth for political campaigns, indiscriminate posting of posters.
12.  Pornography from video films, satellite and internet
13.  Preferential treatment of some children over others by parents

VALUES TO BE RE-INSTILLED
·   Commitment to faith
·   Hard work and dignity of labour orderliness
·   Honesty truthfulness and humility
·   Interest in learning
·   Morality
·   Respect for parents, elders and authority
·   Service to the community

IMPLEMENTATION STRATEGY

• Establish comprehensive rehabilitation centers equipped with Doctors, Psychiatrists, Psychologists, Ulama and instructors in vocational training in electrical and electronics, computer, mechanics, plumbing, barbing/hair dressing, sewing, poultry, livestock, farming, etc. While in the rehabilitation centers, causes of indulgence into social vices should be determined. After being rehabilitated, government and the private sector should advance loans to the youth to enable them establish viable business ventures.

• Stigmatization of delinquent youth both before and after rehabilitation must be discouraged; instead, they should be loved and cared for by society so as to give them a sense of belonging so that they do not relapse.

• Youth problems to prominently feature in the Zauren Shawara discussions. The approach to youth development should be participatory.

• Individuals should show concern and care to the youth and assist them when the need arises without leaving everything to government.

• Identify sources of drug supplies and stop their sales and distribution.

• An effective mobilization mechanism towards reawakening parents/guardians and the society at large towards their responsibilities in moral upbringing should be put in place.

• Encouraging participation of youth in sustainable development projects at the grassroots level.

• Improve and modify educational curricula to give students opportunity to learn at their aptitude. This will reduce the need for remedial classes.

• Re-introduce the skill acquisition programs in secondary schools.

• An effective enlightenment campaign to sensitize the youth against vices such as drugs, stealing, daba, etc.

• Politicians must stop supplying youth with drugs during campaigns and the indiscriminate posting of posters while traditional rulers should discourage the use by youth during traditional festivities, e.g. durbar. Politicians must stop encouraging thuggery which breeds ‘yan daba in the society.

• Hot spots, which harbour ‘yan daba, should be identified and converted into better alternative uses, such as police station, dispensary etc.

• Encourage youth to set up their own NGOs and CBOs then train and support them to ensure sustainability.

• Recognizing and rewarding outstanding accomplishments by youth in their various fields of endeavour by both government and private sector.

• Parents, teachers, leaders and the general community should set exemplary behaviour for youth to emulate.

• Provision of recreational facilities for children in schools, parks and gardens, sporting activities, excursions, bazaar and provision of well equipped libraries to encourage children to develop reading habits at early age.

• Massive media campaign through radio, television newspaper and traditional means (e.g. Ulama’u). Radio and television programs on the lives and times of past good leaders who are role models should be introduced.

• Encourage the youth to engage in menial jobs e.g. roadside mechanics, vulcanizers, welders, etc.

• The Hisbah Board and the vigilante groups should complement the efforts of the Film Censorship Board in monitoring and exposing places showing obscene films with a view to stopping such.

• Parental control over videocassettes and satellite, cable televisions and Internet should be encouraged.

• An effective mechanism should be put in place to check the increasing rates of alleged homosexuality and lesbianism in boarding schools, especially post primary institutions.

• Male parents should show more interest in the activities and welfare of their children, e.g. their performance at school, the company they keep.

• Government should set machinery in motion to ban begging by modifying tsangaya schools and discourage rural-urban migration.

• The edict - Petty Trading (Prohibition of Females) - banning street hawking by the under aged and all other laws relevant to youth should be reviewed to meet our contemporary realities and ensure their enforcement.

• Parents/guardians and law enforcement agencies must discourage idleness, dangerous driving, snooker, bunburutu, kayi-nayi and improper dressing and hairstyle.

• The relevant laws governing books publication and circulation must be enforced by censorshi board and other relevant agencies.

• Relevant authorities saddled with the responsibility of curbing prostitution should enforce the relevant laws.

• Establishment of community based vocational centers to be financed by philanthropists.

• Rehabilitation of the rehabilitation centers, particularly those of children. There is need to employ more caring and loving staff who will look after the inmates in a more humane manner.

Teachers in both Islamic and non-Islamic schools should be used to sensitize the students.